Landscapes Through Time with David Dunlop

David examines the distinctly American style of Impressionism that retained more of a basis of drawing and sketching and more of a reliance on classical forms - all inherited from the Hudson River Painters. He considers the new technologies in paint, new scientific ideas of perception, and their methods for realizing a sensual, personal vision on canvas as he paints a River scene reminiscent of the painting by Childe Hassam called Summer Afternoon.

David visits the top of the 300-foot Kaaterskill Falls in the Catskill Mountains, painted by many Hudson River artists. These artists, considered the first American school of painting, portrayed the awesome immensity and sublime effects of nature. These artists painted from a various motivations but always with a scrupulous observation of nature, in the words of Thomas Cole (1800 - 1848), considered the father of the Hudson River painters. David paints the magnificent wilderness painted by discussing Thomas Cole and Sanford Gifford (1823-1880).

The Luminists were considered to be a subgroup of the Hudson River Painters. While these younger painters shared the same traditions of the Hudson River Painters, artists such as John Kensett (1816-1872) were more interested in the subtle effects of daylight, especially at dawn and dusk, than in the graphic representation of a specific place or landscape. This program will outline the evolution of Kensett from a Hudson River Artist-Explorer to an American Luminist. We will visit Contentment Island in Connecticut, where he lived and painted after the end of the Civil War and sought to reveal the serene quality of light and weather. Through Kensett, Dunlop will explore the techniques for evoking a suffused unified light, the American appetite for tranquility in art after the Civil War, and the eternal legacy of the Luminists.

George Inness (1825-1894) was inspired by the classical landscape painters, especially the classic 17th century French artist Claude Lorrain, considered the father of landscape painting. Inness learned the techniques of scientific observation and the ideal landscape painting techniques of the Hudson River painters, but was later more attracted to Barbizon tonalism and the spiritual aspect of art. Inness's painting underwent an evolution from sharp edges to blurred forms as he painted more suggestively and atmospherically. He is considered one of the painters who ushered in the age of American Modernism because, he changed the way people looked at and painted art. David demonstrates the techniques of Inness, his quest for a union of spirituality and paint, his reliance on ambiguity, his sources of inspiration and his enduring influence in the world of art.

Old Lyme, CT was a popular artist colony at the turn of the century with many painters who had also painted in Paris and Giverny, learning the new trends from the French avant-garde. David takes us to the Florence Griswold Museum garden and demonstrates how American Impressionists create the sensual experience of interwoven color, texture, and movement from a palette of complementary colors painted outside or en plein air, a term made popular during this time.

David introduces the majestic white cliffs rising out of the sea at Etretat on the Normandy Coast and their role in the inventive periods ofFrench painting from the romanticism of Delacroix, the realism of Courbet to the Impressionism of the late 1860's through the 1880's.They all respond to Etretat's iconic arches over the sea. He compares the styles and visions of Etretat's artists and reveals the keys to their paintings.

David visits the dramatic Northern French Coast of Normandy at the harbor of Honfleur with its distinctive skyline - a favorite location of Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851). Acknowledged as one of history's greatest landscape watercolorist, Turner deftly transfers his innovative watercolor techniques to his oil painting. David explores this remarkable series of innovations while considering Turner's techniques and composition, borrowed from the atmospheric perspective and freely interpreted landscapes of 17th century French landscapemaster Claude Lorrain.

David follows in the footsteps of the American artists who formed an art colony in Giverny in the 1880-1920s, drawn by the creative magnetic influence of Claude Monet. The tour will include visits to the sites, hotels, gardens and hillsides frequented by American Impressionists, including the Hotel Baudy. In the last quarter of the 19th century, artists from Paris escaped the uncomfortable heat of the Parisian summers by train to the surrounding villages along the Seine to form art colonies. The American artists formed a well-integrated colony in Giverny and explored an American style of Impressionism that was then exported to the United States at the turn of the century. John Singer Sargent, Lila Cabot, Theodore Robinson and Theodore Butler were among those to become friends with Monet; Butler became his son-law when he married Monet’s stepdaughter(s). David will explore the similarities and differences between French Impressionism and American Impressionism as he paints on the hillside above Giverny, popular with Theodore Robinson and Willard Metcalf.

At PierreAuguste Renoir's (1841-1919) home and studio in Les Colettes in the South of France, David takes us through the ancient olive grove overlooking Nice and the Mediterranean.David traces Renoir's difficult but ultimately successful quest for putting clean and strong color into soft and suggestive shapes. David sets his easel precisely where Renoir set his and demonstrates Renoir's methods, describing their effects and explaining his thoughts.

Travel with David to the locations of Paul Cezanne';s (1839-1906) natural inspiration near Aixen Provence & Mont Saint Victoire. David considers Cezanne's ambitious struggle with the contradiction: how to present stability and form with change and movement. David demonstrates Cezanne's strategies; from sketch to watercolor to oil, and discusses Cezanne's insights into acts of visual perception. He discusses Cezanne's difficulties, frustrations, and his ultimate success - as the father of Modernism.

David visits the enchanting village of Giverny, 45 miles northwest of Paris, which was the last home there until the end of his life in 1926. David describes the evolution of Impressionism from its experimental beginnings in the Gleyre studio in Paris in 1862 with Monet and his friends Sisley, Renoir, Bazille, Pissarro - to its later stage (and beyond)of explosive color, loose brushwork, complementary color vivid sunshine and sensual delight. David discusses and demonstrates Monet's later methods as a mid-career Impressionist at Giverny and his evolution into expressionism with his carefully developed and cultivated waterlily garden as his inspiration.

David takes us through the tumultuous, penultimate year of van Gogh's life - 1889, spent in the asylum of St. Paul de Mausole at St. Remy. David demonstrates the personally expressive palette and brushwork of van Gogh while describing van Gogh's uniquely spiritual and impassioned intentions for painting. David demonstrates van Gogh'sdrawing techniques as a preparation for his paintings, reveals his connections to Dutch landscape painting and Impressionist color, and shows how he employs these ideaswith expressive, moving gestures in the landscape of van Gogh.